Lumbar spinal fusion refers to back surgery during which two or more vertebral segments of the spine are fused together. Lumbar spine fusion surgery involves using bone graft to cause two vertebral bodies to grow together into one combined bone complex. A lumbar spinal fusion can be done in the front or the back of the spine.
The goal of lumbar fusion surgery is to relieve pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness, restore nerve function, stop or prevent abnormal motion in the spine, and provide more space for the decompressed spinal cord and nerve roots to heal.